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A.Willoughby
master brummie
It was in one of these that I nearly met my end.
My mother entrusted my two sisters with the task of pumping whilst yours truly was encapsulated within. Each left it to the other to do and as a result neither did it.
I am told that I was turning a pretty pale blue on my mother's return.
Over the years they, my sisters, have recalled it and in so doing, lament at my mother's early return.
My mother entrusted my two sisters with the task of pumping whilst yours truly was encapsulated within. Each left it to the other to do and as a result neither did it.
I am told that I was turning a pretty pale blue on my mother's return.
Over the years they, my sisters, have recalled it and in so doing, lament at my mother's early return.
O
O.C.
Guest
Well after reading the last few posts here is a photo of a some babies in the Gas Hoods courtesy of Alton Douglas from his book Birmingham at War Vol 2
And bottom pic. shows a poster how to put on your gas mask
And bottom pic. shows a poster how to put on your gas mask
O
O.C.
Guest
Wonderful memories of the War in Sheldon and the Airport at https://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/87/a4034387.shtml
and Nechells
https://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/17/a2615717.shtml
My good friend Dudley lives in Common Lane were they are talking about
and Nechells
https://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/17/a2615717.shtml
My good friend Dudley lives in Common Lane were they are talking about
jennyann
Gone but not forgotten. R.I.P.
Those are well written accounts of everyday life during those awful times. On that bbc.co.uk site I found a fellow who had posted a story from my street. I have no recollection of him, Hidson Road, Erdington and also a photo of him sitting atop of their air raid shelter. Hidson Rd is along a high ridge that overlooks Birmingham in the distance and in the forefront were the ammunition producing factories in Witton just beyond the Brookvale allotments, so the Germans were often flying over our street looking for these locations. Seems that two houses in Marsh Hill, which is close by, were hit and destroyed according to this fellow's recollection. It's a good thing these stories have been recorded by the BBC. The contributors have written them with such clarity and instant recollection that it seemed that WW2 wasn't that long ago.
O
O.C.
Guest
Coping in the areas that where blitzed meant adapting to the situation that you found yourself in,and getting on with life the best ya could.
O
O.C.
Guest
As the blitz progressed folk were still cheerful and even held Blitz party's in their wrecked homes, the spirit in the pubs was tremendous, it was a live for today attitude for we might not be here tomorrow.
My Pa had been to the Ashted cinema(the ash hole) and as he was walking back an air-raid started my Pa grabbed my Mom and shoved her against the wall, protecting her with his body watching the bombs fall he said " Cocka if our names on it remember I love ya " That has stuck with me all my life and my parents went to hell and back in the Blitz ......And came through it. My Father went through the horrors of the Great War, things I cannot say on this site......then he went through the Blitz, there was no counselling or pills that you could take to help you cope. You had to get on with life. How did you do it ? you laughed at it with the attitude come and get me but I will fight all the way, what a wonderful attitude when your home had just been destroyed and family members killed, not all folk could handle it the sameway a few went to pieces. and I was bought up with a few that had lost their minds, but did not understand at the time.
It drew people together and close and aint that strange that you need a war to do it, Where have we gone wrong .......?
Pic shows a postcard of the time
My Pa had been to the Ashted cinema(the ash hole) and as he was walking back an air-raid started my Pa grabbed my Mom and shoved her against the wall, protecting her with his body watching the bombs fall he said " Cocka if our names on it remember I love ya " That has stuck with me all my life and my parents went to hell and back in the Blitz ......And came through it. My Father went through the horrors of the Great War, things I cannot say on this site......then he went through the Blitz, there was no counselling or pills that you could take to help you cope. You had to get on with life. How did you do it ? you laughed at it with the attitude come and get me but I will fight all the way, what a wonderful attitude when your home had just been destroyed and family members killed, not all folk could handle it the sameway a few went to pieces. and I was bought up with a few that had lost their minds, but did not understand at the time.
It drew people together and close and aint that strange that you need a war to do it, Where have we gone wrong .......?
Pic shows a postcard of the time
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O
O.C.
Guest
Now we get along with what once were our enemies.......Without the Past we can have no Future........ We should learn from it as good and bad it has happened. in this life you must learn from either experience or from the past, that is the only way you learn from what folk tell ya, ......but must be wise enough to sort the chaff from the grain (the good from the bad )
Di.Poppitt
GONE BUT NOT FORGOTTEN
Even as a babbie during the war I can rememeber the spirit. So many times I heard 'Don't worry , Jerry'll never beat us', and I think our family had more parties then than any other time. Not much food, but a few bottles of beer, a bottle of sherry for the girls, and a piano would have everyone singing and dancing.
jennyann
Gone but not forgotten. R.I.P.
So true Di and Cromwell. I think in some ways that is why we can't comprehend the
complete change in human behaviour these days compared to WW2. Even though people had lost everything and their world had been turned upside down people did just get on with life and seemed to have way more common sense in so many ways. There were huge consequences for families who didn't toe the line in those days.
My father was born in 1905 so was devastated when his big brother was killed in France in 1915. He was too old to go to WW2 but he wouldn't have been accepted since he was needed for his services as a Power Station attendant back then and spent the war years cycling in pitch black from Erdington to Bournville and back for his shifts at the Power Station. He often had to dismount and jump behind a hedge when the ack ack guns spotted German planes.
My Mother, born in 1908 was taken to town to see family soldier friends off on troop trains taking men to fight abroad in WW1, many many of them never to return. She said the two World wars ruined so many people's lives and it really had an effect on my generation as well. In the mid 1920's, my Mother's generation tried to change everything with music, dance, clothes styles and optimism for the future. Those were my Mother's single halcyon days but WW1 was not the War to End All Wars as we know and within a few years the storm clouds began to form in Europe to lead into WW2.
There were so many women who had lost their husbands and boy friends in WW1 and who remained unmarried and many of them very unhappy. They were in our work places
in Birmingham by the time I went to work. So many injured men as well with limbs missing for one thing, blind, gassed and unable to ever work again. Very similar after WW2.
complete change in human behaviour these days compared to WW2. Even though people had lost everything and their world had been turned upside down people did just get on with life and seemed to have way more common sense in so many ways. There were huge consequences for families who didn't toe the line in those days.
My father was born in 1905 so was devastated when his big brother was killed in France in 1915. He was too old to go to WW2 but he wouldn't have been accepted since he was needed for his services as a Power Station attendant back then and spent the war years cycling in pitch black from Erdington to Bournville and back for his shifts at the Power Station. He often had to dismount and jump behind a hedge when the ack ack guns spotted German planes.
My Mother, born in 1908 was taken to town to see family soldier friends off on troop trains taking men to fight abroad in WW1, many many of them never to return. She said the two World wars ruined so many people's lives and it really had an effect on my generation as well. In the mid 1920's, my Mother's generation tried to change everything with music, dance, clothes styles and optimism for the future. Those were my Mother's single halcyon days but WW1 was not the War to End All Wars as we know and within a few years the storm clouds began to form in Europe to lead into WW2.
There were so many women who had lost their husbands and boy friends in WW1 and who remained unmarried and many of them very unhappy. They were in our work places
in Birmingham by the time I went to work. So many injured men as well with limbs missing for one thing, blind, gassed and unable to ever work again. Very similar after WW2.
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O
O.C.
Guest
The kids had to be clothed and fed which fell to friends neighbours and charities when their parents got bombed out or even killed.
Me I wore Daily Mail boots till I was 12
Me I wore Daily Mail boots till I was 12
O
O.C.
Guest
Wife and kids at home as he left town knowing his waggon load of goods was vital the bombing started as soon as he left but he knew they would be safe in the air raid shelter if only it dont get a direct hit they would be safe, driving at a steady 30 MPH in the pitch black he carried on to his destination which he knew by heart, he was 4 miles from his drop when the bombs started to fall.
His wife received a telegram the next day to say he had been killed.
His wife received a telegram the next day to say he had been killed.
O
O.C.
Guest
The Luftwaffe changed tactics on the night of 14th Nov.1944 and instead of returning to bomb London they came to the Midlands and Blitzed Coventry in one devastating night, years later rumours spread that Churchill knew of the raid and had done nothing to save Coventry...Why?.....Because he did not want the Germans to know we had cracked the secret "Enigma" code. The accusation was false but he knew something was going to happen from the 5th Nov. when messages were intercepted to the Luftwaffe Bomber Group (a special Pathfinder Squadron) for a special operation called "Moonlight Sonata" and the target was Korn (Grain) which we believed to be an area of London and the South East.
On Nov 9th a German pilot who had been shot down was taken prisoner and put in a cell with a British Agent pretending to be a German and the pilot talked his head off saying Coventry and Birmingham were to be the targets in "Moonlight Sonata"
British Intelligence discounted his story but told Churchill on the morning of the 14th Nov. that they believed the attack was going to come to London but.....if Coventry or Birmingham are going to be hit.....we will have plenty of time to warn them......
The Luftwaffe flew their bombers along a radio beam listening to the steady pulse of the beam and when they reached a point were another beam crossed it, the tone changed and they dropped their bombs as the two radio beams crossed at the target area.
At 3 pm on 14th Nov. the Radio beams crossed over Coventry and the British scientists got to work to bend the radio beams to get the bombers to drop their bombs over open countryside which worked before.
"Moonlight Sonata" had started and counter measures were rushed into place
45 Hurricanes, 1 Spitfire, 4 Gladiators, 39 Blenheim's, 22 Defiant's and 10 Beaufighters were on standby for night fighting and 72 Barrage Balloons were put up reinforced by 12 mobile AA Guns and numerous anti aircraft guns.
The stage was set and the Radio jamming started.....Everybody held their breath
A simple error was made in the settings of the jamming Equipment.....and the German pilots flew along the correct beam 10 Bombers dropped their load of incendiaries on Coventry followed by 449 aeroplanes of the Luftwaffe.
Even if the beams had been switched off. The whole countryside was bathed in glorious moonlight and the German pilots could map read all the way to the target and home in on the City which by now was blazing from end to end .
Coventry's guns did not shoot one single plane down, the barrage balloons never bought a plane down and our nightfighters failed.
All of the German Planes returned to their bases except one which crashed of own accord......
Our defences had utterly failed,our intelligence was misinterpreted and no one told Churchill that Coventry was the target
568 civilians were killed, 863 seriously injured and 393 injured.
It was decided to bury the dead in one mass grave as many could not be identified
Photo shows the people of Coventry paying their last respects at the mass grave
Bottom Photo .....Coventry years later after they have cleared most of the rubble away
On Nov 9th a German pilot who had been shot down was taken prisoner and put in a cell with a British Agent pretending to be a German and the pilot talked his head off saying Coventry and Birmingham were to be the targets in "Moonlight Sonata"
British Intelligence discounted his story but told Churchill on the morning of the 14th Nov. that they believed the attack was going to come to London but.....if Coventry or Birmingham are going to be hit.....we will have plenty of time to warn them......
The Luftwaffe flew their bombers along a radio beam listening to the steady pulse of the beam and when they reached a point were another beam crossed it, the tone changed and they dropped their bombs as the two radio beams crossed at the target area.
At 3 pm on 14th Nov. the Radio beams crossed over Coventry and the British scientists got to work to bend the radio beams to get the bombers to drop their bombs over open countryside which worked before.
"Moonlight Sonata" had started and counter measures were rushed into place
45 Hurricanes, 1 Spitfire, 4 Gladiators, 39 Blenheim's, 22 Defiant's and 10 Beaufighters were on standby for night fighting and 72 Barrage Balloons were put up reinforced by 12 mobile AA Guns and numerous anti aircraft guns.
The stage was set and the Radio jamming started.....Everybody held their breath
A simple error was made in the settings of the jamming Equipment.....and the German pilots flew along the correct beam 10 Bombers dropped their load of incendiaries on Coventry followed by 449 aeroplanes of the Luftwaffe.
Even if the beams had been switched off. The whole countryside was bathed in glorious moonlight and the German pilots could map read all the way to the target and home in on the City which by now was blazing from end to end .
Coventry's guns did not shoot one single plane down, the barrage balloons never bought a plane down and our nightfighters failed.
All of the German Planes returned to their bases except one which crashed of own accord......
Our defences had utterly failed,our intelligence was misinterpreted and no one told Churchill that Coventry was the target
568 civilians were killed, 863 seriously injured and 393 injured.
It was decided to bury the dead in one mass grave as many could not be identified
Photo shows the people of Coventry paying their last respects at the mass grave
Bottom Photo .....Coventry years later after they have cleared most of the rubble away
O
O.C.
Guest
The first air attack on Birmingham took place on the 9th Aug 1940 and the first bomb fell on a house in Eversley Dale (a cul de sac off Bromford Lane) the other bombs hit a house in Montague Rd Erdington where a family of five were asleep, the mother and father and two girls were all bought out alive but the son died on the way to hospital.
On the 13th Aug a larger raid took place and Castle Bromwich Aero Factory was hit which killed 7 people, the next night Erdington, Bordesley Green, Stetchford and Yardley were hit. Killing 7 people from 2 families who were sheltering in an Anderson shelter which received a direct hit. In all these attacks no warning was given till the raids had started which made the Birmingham people very angry this led to the ARP wardens going round the streets blowing their whistles to alert people to get to the shelters which.........were kept locked and only opened when the raid started.
These teething troubles were quickly overcome, for on the night of 25th Aug The Bombers came to Blitz Birmingham.
The Shelter for the Market worker was in the basement of the Market Hall and by a stroke of good luck the 25th was a Sunday.........The Market Hall got a direct hit and was completely burnt out. Showers of incendiaries fell on Corporation Street and in the Bull Ring causing major destruction but for everyone that fell a lot did not explode as they were defective but some had delayed action fuses which our brave bomb disposal men had to deal with knowing they could explode at any second.
One huge bomb (six feet long and 2 feet in diameter) fell through the roof of the Methodist Chapel in Hatchet St, two policemen scrapped the dirt from the number of the bomb and took its number for the Bomb Disposal men and then got out of the church.......they had gone about a 100 yards when there was a huge explosion and the Chapel was blown to bits.
The Luffwafte then turned to daylight raids and on the 27th Sept. Fort Dunlop was hit.
The Austin Aero Works was attacked on the 13th Nov. killing 6 workers and injuring 25 people.
Another night raid took place on the 15th Oct, which killed 59 people.
Then the 350 Bombers came back in full force on the night of Nov. 19th in a devastating raid which led to the deaths of 400 people, the BSA was hit by high explosive bombs killing 50 workers. Town was ablaze that night and a ARP warden said "New street was ablaze and the water that came out of the firemens hoses and ran back down the street was boiling, Marshalls and Snelgroves was completely burnt out".
Nov. 22nd the Bombers returned 200 strong and hit Fisher and Ludlows, Klaxon Ltd, Joseph Lucas, Singer Motors, Wright Bingley and Gell and Bakelite.
Then came the news that the two 42 inch mains feeding the City had been hit in two places at Woodland Hospital and our water supply stopped.
On the morning of the 23rd Nov a secret message was sent to the Home Office stating that four fifths of the city was without water and that the Home Guard must be mustered at full strength to fight the incendiaries. And the water restored as soon as possible.
People were advised to dig hole in gardens for lavatories and trench latrines were dug in public parks and soldiers were bought in to dig graves.
The Army were instructed to dynamite large areas of the city to make fire breaks in case of a firestorm as there would be no other way of stopping a raging fire.
The City waited to make a last stand........But the Bombers never came back and 5 days later the water was back on and the City saved from the brink of destruction.
The Luftwaffe came back on Dec 1st and made the longest raid of the war which lasted 13 hours and killed 263 people and seriously injuring 245
Jan. and Feb we only had a 3 raids then on the 9th April Bombs were unleashed on Bordesley Green, Stechford, Kings Heath, Aston, Small Heath, Nechells and Washwood Heath. Digbeth police station got a direct hit and fires were burning in the City in Masshouse Lane, Edgbaston St, the Bull Ring and all over the City destroying the Midland Arcade, the Swan Hotel (the oldest in Brum) and The Prince of Wales Theatre just to name a few.
Ronald Jackson got the George Cross that night for rescuing a women trapped in the rubble of a block of flats in Garrison Lane were all rescue attempts had failed. Burrowing like a rabbit into the rubble and spent an hour cutting through steel rods with an old hacksaw blade to free her trapped legs knowing at any moment he could have become entombed.
The Big Top Site was created that night and the following night the Bombers came back dropping 110 tons of high explosive on the battered City
The following night Fort Dunlop was hit and workers left their machines to fight the fires which after a few hour they managed to put out and if you know what burning rubber does they where all covered in black soot and the firm gave them 37p to replace the clothes that were ruined.
Over 2000 people lost their lives in these raids and 3000 were seriously injured if they had returned at certain points the next day Birmingham would have been wiped out
But if's and but's don't count and we came through it,and made us the folk we are today
Our parents went through a lot of things we today cannot imagine
On the 13th Aug a larger raid took place and Castle Bromwich Aero Factory was hit which killed 7 people, the next night Erdington, Bordesley Green, Stetchford and Yardley were hit. Killing 7 people from 2 families who were sheltering in an Anderson shelter which received a direct hit. In all these attacks no warning was given till the raids had started which made the Birmingham people very angry this led to the ARP wardens going round the streets blowing their whistles to alert people to get to the shelters which.........were kept locked and only opened when the raid started.
These teething troubles were quickly overcome, for on the night of 25th Aug The Bombers came to Blitz Birmingham.
The Shelter for the Market worker was in the basement of the Market Hall and by a stroke of good luck the 25th was a Sunday.........The Market Hall got a direct hit and was completely burnt out. Showers of incendiaries fell on Corporation Street and in the Bull Ring causing major destruction but for everyone that fell a lot did not explode as they were defective but some had delayed action fuses which our brave bomb disposal men had to deal with knowing they could explode at any second.
One huge bomb (six feet long and 2 feet in diameter) fell through the roof of the Methodist Chapel in Hatchet St, two policemen scrapped the dirt from the number of the bomb and took its number for the Bomb Disposal men and then got out of the church.......they had gone about a 100 yards when there was a huge explosion and the Chapel was blown to bits.
The Luffwafte then turned to daylight raids and on the 27th Sept. Fort Dunlop was hit.
The Austin Aero Works was attacked on the 13th Nov. killing 6 workers and injuring 25 people.
Another night raid took place on the 15th Oct, which killed 59 people.
Then the 350 Bombers came back in full force on the night of Nov. 19th in a devastating raid which led to the deaths of 400 people, the BSA was hit by high explosive bombs killing 50 workers. Town was ablaze that night and a ARP warden said "New street was ablaze and the water that came out of the firemens hoses and ran back down the street was boiling, Marshalls and Snelgroves was completely burnt out".
Nov. 22nd the Bombers returned 200 strong and hit Fisher and Ludlows, Klaxon Ltd, Joseph Lucas, Singer Motors, Wright Bingley and Gell and Bakelite.
Then came the news that the two 42 inch mains feeding the City had been hit in two places at Woodland Hospital and our water supply stopped.
On the morning of the 23rd Nov a secret message was sent to the Home Office stating that four fifths of the city was without water and that the Home Guard must be mustered at full strength to fight the incendiaries. And the water restored as soon as possible.
People were advised to dig hole in gardens for lavatories and trench latrines were dug in public parks and soldiers were bought in to dig graves.
The Army were instructed to dynamite large areas of the city to make fire breaks in case of a firestorm as there would be no other way of stopping a raging fire.
The City waited to make a last stand........But the Bombers never came back and 5 days later the water was back on and the City saved from the brink of destruction.
The Luftwaffe came back on Dec 1st and made the longest raid of the war which lasted 13 hours and killed 263 people and seriously injuring 245
Jan. and Feb we only had a 3 raids then on the 9th April Bombs were unleashed on Bordesley Green, Stechford, Kings Heath, Aston, Small Heath, Nechells and Washwood Heath. Digbeth police station got a direct hit and fires were burning in the City in Masshouse Lane, Edgbaston St, the Bull Ring and all over the City destroying the Midland Arcade, the Swan Hotel (the oldest in Brum) and The Prince of Wales Theatre just to name a few.
Ronald Jackson got the George Cross that night for rescuing a women trapped in the rubble of a block of flats in Garrison Lane were all rescue attempts had failed. Burrowing like a rabbit into the rubble and spent an hour cutting through steel rods with an old hacksaw blade to free her trapped legs knowing at any moment he could have become entombed.
The Big Top Site was created that night and the following night the Bombers came back dropping 110 tons of high explosive on the battered City
The following night Fort Dunlop was hit and workers left their machines to fight the fires which after a few hour they managed to put out and if you know what burning rubber does they where all covered in black soot and the firm gave them 37p to replace the clothes that were ruined.
Over 2000 people lost their lives in these raids and 3000 were seriously injured if they had returned at certain points the next day Birmingham would have been wiped out
But if's and but's don't count and we came through it,and made us the folk we are today
Our parents went through a lot of things we today cannot imagine
O
O.C.
Guest
Rowan Its such a complex subject which I have tried to compress into a small article but feel capable to talk about any part in more detail and I have a lot of Photo's to show you. and amusing tales
I have cross checked the deaths and found it is nearly impossible to be correct as after the Blitz of Coventry over 50.000 to 100,000 people left the city (but those figures were hushed up) and most folk were blown to pieces so correct figures cannot be given
I have cross checked the deaths and found it is nearly impossible to be correct as after the Blitz of Coventry over 50.000 to 100,000 people left the city (but those figures were hushed up) and most folk were blown to pieces so correct figures cannot be given
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O
O.C.
Guest
The Airport Hotel which was situated at the entrance to Elmdon Airport was built in 1939.nearing completion the Airport Hotel was requisitioned by the Royal Air Force and used as the headquarters of the Royal Flying School for the whole period of the war and given back to its owners in 1947
O
O.C.
Guest
Everyone thinks that John Anderson invented the Anderson Shelter..........in a way he did has he had the design improved upon ......but the first steel corrugated bolt together shelters were designed during the Great War ..................and forgot about ....till WW2 started and John Anderson the Home Secretary
realized that the people of England needed protecting and remembered the bolt together shelter of the Great War and took the design to William Paterson and Oscar Carl Kerrison to improve on, and within a week they made it a bit smaller with a front and a back on ......and called it an Anderson Shelter
First photo shows the Trench Bomb covers of the Great War
Second pic shows the Anderson Shelter being unloaded in 1939
realized that the people of England needed protecting and remembered the bolt together shelter of the Great War and took the design to William Paterson and Oscar Carl Kerrison to improve on, and within a week they made it a bit smaller with a front and a back on ......and called it an Anderson Shelter
First photo shows the Trench Bomb covers of the Great War
Second pic shows the Anderson Shelter being unloaded in 1939
O
O.C.
Guest
Barrie, Where the bombs fell on Hunter Rd
O
O.C.
Guest
Great Photo showing the defiance and true grit of the people of the Midlands
O
O.C.
Guest
Its quite amazing how people in the face of adversity always retain their sense of humour and make fun of whats happened, I wonder is it a British "thing" or just a way of coping with whats happened?
The first photo speaks for itself and some wag has wrote on an old piece of scrap "As it "Stands" 7/6 or offer" outside his or someone else's house what has just been destroyed in the blitz
The Second photo you can bet your last penny one of the kids wrote "Don't leave any milk" Great Photo
The first photo speaks for itself and some wag has wrote on an old piece of scrap "As it "Stands" 7/6 or offer" outside his or someone else's house what has just been destroyed in the blitz
The Second photo you can bet your last penny one of the kids wrote "Don't leave any milk" Great Photo
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O
O.C.
Guest
A Birmingham factory destroyed in the blitz, note how the brickwork leans inwards on the steel work as the steel girders were bent by the heat of the fire.
O
O.C.
Guest
Wonderful photo of the army trying to salvage belongings of a family that has lost their home in the blitz
Note the bricks and floor above the soldiers heads about to come crashing down at any time
Note the bricks and floor above the soldiers heads about to come crashing down at any time
O
O.C.
Guest
One of Birminghams Arcades in town that got struck in the blitz
O
O.C.
Guest
First of all I would like to thank Rowan for the next four photographs which she kindly sent me to put on these pages, and John for helping me locate where the photographs were taken. I have put a map on Blue Dots High Explosive bombs.
Red Dots Incendiary bombs
But please note I left a lot of red and blue dots out as I painstakingly copied them from an ARP map
First Photo is Cardboard Box Company
Second Photo shows George Owen on the corner of Florence Street and Holloway Head
Red Dots Incendiary bombs
But please note I left a lot of red and blue dots out as I painstakingly copied them from an ARP map
First Photo is Cardboard Box Company
Second Photo shows George Owen on the corner of Florence Street and Holloway Head
O
O.C.
Guest
The First Photo is Chamberlain and Jones with Evans just on the corner
Second Photo I cannot identify location as the photo gives no clues
Second Photo I cannot identify location as the photo gives no clues
O
O.C.
Guest
Now this is a intresting leaflet what was sent to every home in England warning of the invasion that might come, I have tried to keep it all in one piece so you can read it
O
O.C.
Guest
The back of the leaflet above