"Ogle-Summers" Comes to Oxford August 1832.
London Morning Post (22 August 1832) and London Morning Chronicle (24 August 1832).
STEAM-CARRIAGES.
Experimental Journey by Messrs Nathaniel Ogle and W A Summers in their Steam-Carriage.
Monday this steam-carriage passed through Newbury from Southampton to Oxford; it proceeded along the streets at a steady pace, attended by a large concourse of persons. At the Chequers Inn, Speenhamland, it stopped to take in water and coke; the supply of water required was about one hundred buckets. When starting, the coach went off with very considerable speed, and soon left all the pedestrians far behind.
We understand Messrs Ogle and Summers have been occupied almost four years in their experiments, and have expended £30,000 in bringing their invention to perfection, or rather to that state which leaves only some trifling minor details to be worked out. The chief desideratum in locomotive vehicles and vessels (in mines in our colonies) is a safe and efficient mode of generating steam on scientific principles. Messrs Ogle and Summers have completely mastered that most difficult point. Their boiler contains the greatest possible heating surface in the least possible space, when in combination with the strongest mechanical form. Their boiler consists of numerous sections, having sufficient connection with each other, constructed of cylinders with air tubes within each, standing vertically, so that a stratum of water is placed between two heating surfaces, the outer surface of the cylinders and the inner surface of the air tube. They allow 13 superficial feet to the horse power, and the boiler in their vehicle contains 398 feet of heating surface, or thirty horse power. They usually work at the pressure of two hundred pounds on the square inch, so that upwards of nineteen millions of pounds weight are pressing to get loose, and yet confined and used with perfect safety. The cylinders are 12¼ in diameter, with metallic pistons, of such perfect construction, that the steam has never been known to pass these pistons. The boiler contains upwards of fifty-six thousand rivets, and at the tremendous pressure of three hundred pounds on the inch not a rivet leaks. The joints are all perfectly tight, and the supply of water to the boiler from the tank quite perfect. The form of the carriage is elegant and remarkably commodious, and, we understand, easier than any other vehicle. It differs from the common carriage chiefly in its height, and the cumbrous appearance of the boiler, which is placed behind, and beyond is the blowing machine. Owing to the heavy ironwork being at the lower part of the vehicle, an upset is almost impossible.
On Monday morning this carriage left Millbrook, near Southampton, with 23 persons and their luggage, and proceeded towards Oxford. The first 12 miles, celebrated for the hills, were cleared in one hour and ten minutes without pressing the vehicle to its speed. The coach then proceeded towards Whitchurch with great velocity; but before it reached Sutton Scotney it was found that the coke, which had been sent to different stations, consisted of little bags instead of sacks, and therefore, fuel was necessarily waited for, or the whole distance would have been cleared in less than five hours. The road is known to be very hilly and rough, and to be perhaps the most trying which a steam-coach could be run on. Notwithstanding, the loftiest hills were surmounted with the greatest facility; that from Whitchurch was ascended at full ten miles an hour. At intervals, the coke being consumed, coals were used, which caused a stream of smoke; but, when coke is burnt there is no appearance of coke. The want of coke, and the illness of Mr Summers, induced the party to stop at Abingdon, having cleared upwards of twelve miles an hour when supplied with fuel, and which speed could have been considerably accelerated. The strength of the machinery and the perfect command over the power was completely proved by the fact, that at the summit of a very long and steep hill the drag-chain failed, and the vehicle rushed forward and attained the terrific speed of fifty miles an hour, but was steered with accuracy and safety. It is Messrs Ogle and Summers' intention to remain several days at Oxford, as they have business to transact, and are desirous of trying some experiment in detail, which experience alone can teach; they have also found that the only part of the machine not made by themselves, the crank axle, has shown some symptoms of weakness in the most unexpected part, arising from culpable neglect, and still more culpable concealment, of the workmen who made it; the necessary strength will be given to it, and the vehicle will then proceed on its destination, through Birmingham and Liverpool. In this experiment there has been no avoiding of difficulties — a hilly, rough, and winding road has been selected, and traversed with safety and velocity. The boiler is found to be most efficient, and perfectly tight; the cylinders large enough; the machinery so well put together that even a rush of fifty miles an hour has not started on bolt, nor broken a single screw: the springs of the carriage body have been strengthened, as so many persons clambered on it as to overweigh them. Everywhere the travellers were well and kindly received, and willingly supplied with water. The vehicle entered Oxford in fine style, ascending, at about eight miles an hour, St Aldate's, and turned into the gateway of the Star Inn. Several ladies accompanied the party, which consisted of the inventors, Messrs Ogle and Summers, and their friends. — Reading Paper.